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Research Ethics
Human Research
When reporting studies on human beings, indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with:
- Ethical standards of the responsible committee (institutional or regional)
- Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2013
View the Declaration: WMA Declaration of Helsinki
Animal Research
When reporting experiments on animals, indicate whether the institution's or national research council's guide for care and use of laboratory animals was followed.
Plagiarism Policy
Authors should avoid plagiarism, which includes:
- Duplicate publication of author's own work without citation
- Misrepresenting others' ideas, words, or creative expression as one's own
Warning: If plagiarism is detected after publication, the journal will investigate and may notify institutions/funding bodies and retract the article.
The journal adheres to principles recommended by:
- Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)
- International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)
- DOAJ Principles of Transparency
Authorship Guidelines
According to ICMJE guidelines, authorship credit should be based on ALL of the following 4 criteria:
Substantial contributions to conception/design, or acquisition/analysis/interpretation of data
Drafting or reviewing the work critically for important intellectual content
Final approval of the version to be published
Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work
Contributors who don't meet all 4 criteria should be acknowledged in the Acknowledgement section.
Author Contributions
Authors should describe contributions in these categories:
Conflicts of Interest
A conflict of interest may exist when an author has financial or personal relationships that could influence their work.
Disclosure Requirements
Authors must disclose:
- Employment and affiliations
- Funding and grants (received or pending)
- Consultancies and honoraria
- Stock ownership or options
- Expert testimony and royalties
- Patents (planned, pending, or issued)
Authors without conflicts should include a statement of no such interests in the Acknowledgment section.
Copyright & Permissions
Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY)
MAJN uses CC-BY for all published content.
What CC-BY Allows
- Anyone can reuse the article and create derivatives
- Commercial use is permitted
- Free, irrevocable, worldwide, perpetual right to access
Attribution Required: Users must provide appropriate credit to original authors and source.
Permissions
Authors must submit written permission from copyright owners to use previously published quotations, tables, or illustrations. Permission fees are the responsibility of the requesting author.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy
Important: AI, language models, machine learning, or similar technologies do NOT qualify for authorship.
Disclosure Requirements
If AI tools are used, authors must:
- Take responsibility for integrity of AI-generated content
- Report use in Acknowledgment or Methods section
- Disclose which AI tool was used
- Explain how the AI tool was used
This applies to AI used for:
Correction, Retraction & Withdrawal
The journal adheres to COPE Retraction Guidelines (2019) and ICMJE recommendations.
Corrections
Issued for minor errors that don't invalidate results. Correction notices include article title, author list, DOI, description, and date.
Retractions
Issued for major errors or ethical breaches:
- Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism
- Unethical research
- Duplicate publication
- Undisclosed conflicts
- Major methodological errors
Retracted articles remain online, watermarked as "Retracted."
Withdrawals
Applies to accepted but unpublished articles:
- Ethical violations discovered
- Valid author request before acceptance
- Fraudulent submission
Have Questions About Our Policies?
Contact our editorial team for clarification on any ethical or policy matters.